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Human papillomavirus

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Wikipedia:Uso de taxobox
Human papillomavirus

Classification scientific
Dominio: Monodnaviria
Regno: Shotokuvirae
Phylo: Cossaviricota
Classe: Papovaviricetes
Ordine: Zurhausenvirales
Familia: Papillomaviridae
Subfamilia: Firstpapillomavirinae
Generes
de "Human papillomaviros":
  • Alphapapillomavirus[1][2]
    • αPV 1 (HPV-32 et 42)
    • αPV 2 (HPV-3, 10, 28, 29, 77, 78, 94, 117, 125, 160)
    • αPV 3 (HPV-61, 62, 72, 81, 83, 84, 86, 87, 89, 102 et 114)
    • αPV 4 (HPV-2, 27 et 57)
    • αPV 5 (HPV-26, 51, 69 et 82)
    • αPV 6 (HPV-30, 53, 56 et 66)
    • αPV 7 (HPV-18, 39, 45, 59, 68, 70, 85 et 97)
    • αPV 8 (HPV-7, 40, 43 et 91)
    • αPV 9 (HPV-16, 31, 33, 35, 52, 58 et 67)
    • αPV 10 (HPV-6, 11, 13, 44 et 74)
    • αPV 11 (HPV-34 et 73)
    • αPV 13 (HPV-54)
    • αPV 14 (HPV-71, 90 et 106)
  • Betapapillomavirus
    • βPV 1 (HPV-5)
    • βPV 2 (HPV-9)
    • βPV 3 (HPV-49)
    • βPV 4 (HPV-cand92)
    • βPV 5 (HPV-cand96)
  • Gammapapillomavirus
    • γPV 1 (HPV-4)
    • γPV 2 (HPV-48)
    • γPV 3 (HPV-50)
    • γPV 4 (HPV-60)
    • γPV 5 (HPV-88)
  • Mupapillomavirus
    • μPV 1 (HPV-1)
    • μPV 2 (HPV-63)
  • Nupapillomavirus
    • νPV 1 (HPV-41)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) (accurtamento pro virus del papilloma human) es un virus del familia Papillomaviridae qui es pathogene in humanes. Son contagiose inter humanes per contact del pelle o mucosas. Pote se manifestar per condylomas (verrucas).

Se estima que de 70 % ad 80 % del adultos in copulo sera infectate per un papillomavirus[3][4]. Le majoritate del casos es asymptomatic ma alcun cippos son cancerogene (principalmente HPV-16, -18, -31 e -33). Papillomaviros son implicate in plus que 90 % del canceres del cervice uterin[5] ma alsi altere canceres como le cancere del gula (gorga).

Es importante vaccinar le preadolescentes (pueras e pueros, typicamente inter 9 e 14 annos) contra papillomaviros cancerogene pro proteger les de futur canceres.[6]

Classification

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Se denombra plus de 200 genotypos differente de papillomaviros cuje 120 potente infectar humanes.[3] Iste ultimes appartine a differente generes identificate per un character grec: Alphapapillomavirus, Betapapillomavirus, Gammapapillomavirus, Mupapillomavirus e Nupapillomavirus.[7]

Per exemplo:

  • αPV 5: HPV-51, -82, etc.
  • αPV 6: HPV-56, etc.
  • αPV 7: HPV-18, -39, -45, -59, -68, etc.
  • αPV 9: HPV-16, -31, -33, -35, -52, -58, etc.
  • αPV 11: HPV-73, etc.

Pathogenicitate

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Cippos HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -56, -58, -59, -68, -73 e -82 pote generar precancerose lesiones. HPV-6 e 11, inter alteres, son responsabile de condyloma acuminate o verruca genital.[8]

De plus, le HPV-5 pote generar pelle carcinomas in patientes affectate de epidermodysplasia verruciforme (EV).[9]

Hodie, existe un vaccino protegente contra le cippos le plus pathogene: HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31, -33, -45, -52 e -58.[10]

Juvenes debe esser vaccinate ante lor prime contamination (typicamente inter 9 e 14 annos).[6]

Referentias

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  1. [https://ictv.global/report/chapter/papillomaviridae/papillomaviridae/alphapapillomavirus Subfamily: Firstpapillomavirinae Genus: Alphapapillomavirus]. ictv.global..
  2. https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2010.001a-kkkV.A.v2.Papillomaviridae.pdf
  3. 3,0 3,1 https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-a-prevention-vaccinale/infections-a-papillomavirus/la-maladie/#tabs
  4. https://www.liberation.fr/societe/sante/papillomavirus-un-tiers-des-hommes-de-plus-de-quinze-ans-sont-porteurs-dans-le-monde-20230817_BKWXSADWOBGLDHZORKSVBPNJ54/
  5. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.552028
  6. 6,0 6,1 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-papilloma-virus-and-cancer
  7. https://ictv.global/taxonomy
  8. https://depistage.be/ist/hpv/
  9. doi:10.1051/medsci/2008245454
  10. https://www.mesvaccins.net/web/vaccines/523-gardasil-9